#hs/lit - - - # Relation Tree ```mermaid stateDiagram-v2 direction LR classDef category fill:blue,color:white state "Literary Devices" as s1 s1 --> Character s1 --> Setting plot: Plot/Strucutre s1 --> plot s1 --> Narration state "Figurative Elements" as s2 s1 --> s2 %% Character Character --> Emotive Character --> Characterization state "Character Types" as s3 Character --> s3 s3 --> Foil Character s3 --> Round Character s3 --> Flat Character s3 --> Static Character s3 --> Dynamic Character %% Setting s6: Temporal Setting Setting --> s6 s5: Social/Cultural Setting Setting --> s5 s4: Physical Setting Setting --> s4 %% Plot/Structure s11: In Medias Res plot --> s11 s7: Frame Story plot --> s7 s8: Anti-climax Structure --> s8 plot --> Flashback plot --> Foreshadowing plot --> Resolution/Denouement Structure --> Nonlinear plot --> Conflict s10: Internal Conflict Conflict --> s10 s9: External Conflict Conflict --> s9 Structure --> Linear plot --> Structure %% Narration s12: Narrative Diction Narration --> s12 s13: Narrative Perspective Narration --> s13 s14: Narrative Voice Narration --> s14 s15: Narrator Narration --> s15 s16: Narrative Point of View Narration --> s16 s17: Omniscient s15 --> s17 s18: Third-person Limited s16 --> s18 s19: Objective/Neutral s15 --> s19 s20: First-person s16 --> s20 s21: Epistolary Narration --> s21 %% Figurative elements s2 --> Irony s22: Verbal Irony Irony --> s22 s24: Dramatic Irony Irony --> s24 s23: Situational Irony Irony --> s23 s2 --> Colloquial s2 --> Digression s2 --> Allusion s2 --> Connotation s2 --> Ambiguity s2 --> Tone s26: Figurative Language s2 --> s26 s26 --> Imagery s26 --> Symbolism s25: Extended Metaphor s26 --> s25 s2 --> Juxtaposition class s1, Character, Setting, plot, Narration, s2, s3, Structure, Irony category ``` # Devices to Focus On (not necessarily in order) 1. Emotive - Expressing feeling or emotion, relating to emotion. 2. Temporal Setting - This is the time in which something takes place as opposed to physical setting. 3. Social/Cultural Setting - Context relating to cultural norms, ideas 4. Narrative Diction - Linguistic choices made by the author to develop a narrative throughout a novel. 5. Verbal Irony - When a speaker says one thing but really means the opposite to indicate humor, sarcasm, or persuasion. 6. Colloquial - Language used in regular conversation, not formal or literary. 7. Digression - A short departure from the main topic of the story or writing. 8. Foreshadowing - Describing or alluding to events in the future that have not occurred yet. # Devices ## Temporal Setting ### Claim Gabriel Garcia Marquez intentionally creates ambiguity in the temporal setting of *One Hundred Years of Solitude* in order to enhance the magical tone and feel of the novel and convey the complicated nature of historical records. ### Quotes "When the pirate Sir Francis Drake attacked Riohacha in sixteenth century, Ursula Iguaran's great-great-grandmother became so frightened with the ringing of alarm bells" (pg. 21) "Many years later, as he faced the firing squad, Colonel Aureliano Buendia was to remember that distant afternoon when his father took him to discover ice." (pg. 1) "Many years later Colonel Aureliano Buendia crossed the region again, when it was already a regular mail route, and the only part of the ship he found was its burned-out frame in the midst of a field of poppies. Only then, convinced that the story had not been some product of his father's imagination, did he wonder how the galleon had been able to get inland to that spot." (pg. 13) ## Social/Cultural Setting ### Claim Gabriel Garcia Marquez contrasts the cultural setting of the value of community in certain parts of the novel with the lack of in other parts to reveal the impacts of innovation and progress on family and community. ### Quotes "Ursula admitted him grudgingly, conquered once more by the obstinacy of her husband, who could not tolerate the idea that an offshoot of his blood should be adrift" (pg. 42) "The gypsy was inclined to stay in the town. He really had been through death, but he had returned because he could not bear the solitude." (pg. 54) "Several months later saw the return of Francisco the Man, an ancient vagabond who was almost two hundred years old and who frequently passed through Macondo distributing songs that he composed himself." (pg. 55) "In this town we do not give orders with pieces of paper,' he said without losing his calm. 'And so that you know it once and for all, we don't need any judges here because there's nothing that needs judging." (pg. 61) "Jose Arcadio Buendia, who was the most enterprising man ever to be seen in the village, had set up the placement of the houses in such a way that from all of them one could reach the river and draw water with the same effort, and he had lined up the streets with such good sense that no house got more sun than another during the hot time of day." (pg. 9) "Aureliano Segundo had come across him by chance as he protested in broken Spanish because there were no rooms at the Hotel Jacob, and as he frequently did with strangers, he took him home." (pg. 243) ## Narrative Diction ### Claim Gabriel Garcia Marquez uses intentionally mysterious language when describing certain concepts such as death or relationships in *On Hundred Years of Solitude* to emphasize to the reader their complexity and ambiguity within the novel. ### Quotes "She had found peace in that house where memories materialized through the strength of implacable evocation and walked like human beings through the cloistered rooms." (pg. 172) "Fernanda, on the other hand, looked for it in vain along the paths of her everyday itinerary without knowing that the search for lost things is hindered by routine habits and that is why it is so difficult to find them. (pg. 265) ## Verbal Irony ### Claim Verbal irony in *One Hundred Years of Solitude* is used to give depth to the characters in the Buendia family and develop the relationships they have with each other. ### Quotes "That's all we need,' he muttered. 'A Pope!" (pg. 271) ## Colloquial ### Claim Gabriel Garcia Marquez often uses colloquial language to describe events in *One Hundred Years of Solitude* to emphasize the ordinary nature of the Buendia family even within a narrative of extraordinary events. ### Quotes "But the lucidity of her old age allowed her to see, and she said so many times, that the cries of children in their mothers' wombs are not announcements of ventriloquism or a faculty for prophecy but an unmistakable sign of an incapacity for love." (pg. 267) ## Digression ### Claim In the book *One Hundred Years of Solitude*, digressions are used to provide important context to the reader and reveal the cyclical, branching and complicated nature of the Buendia family line. ### Quotes "Only after the death of Amaranta, when the family shut itself up again in a period of mourning, was Meme able to lock the clavichord and forget the key in some dresser drawer without Fernanda's being annoyed on finding out when and through whose fault it had been lost." (pg 290) ## Emotive ### Claim Gabriel Garcia Marquez uses emotive language when describing the actions of characters in *One Hundred Years of Solitude* to emphasize the similarities they share by being Buendias as well as what makes them unique. ### Quotes "Every time they passed the run-down house she would tell her about an unpleasant incident, a tale of hate, trying in that way to make her extended rancor be shared by her niece and consequently prolonged beyond death" (pg. 236) "Ursula felt tormented by grave doubts concerning the effectiveness of the methods with which she had molded the spirit of the languid apprentice Supreme Pontiff" (pg. 263) "in the depths of her withered heart a clean rancor flourished, purified by time" (pg. 195) ## Foreshadowing ### Claim Gabriel Garcia Marquez extensively uses foreshadowing to emphasize the complicated nature of the Buendia family timeline and extensively connect different characters and events within this novel across temporal setting. ### Quotes "Many years later, as he faced the firing squad, Colonel Aureliano Buendia was to remember that distant afternoon when his father took him to discover ice." (pg. 1) "The only thing that she did not keep in mind in her fearsome plan was that in spite of her pleas to God she might die before Rebeca. That was, in fact, what happened." (pg. 299)