ObsidianVault/High School/Bio/Vocab 11-6.md

#hs/bio

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Number	Word	OWN definition (not copied)	Picture/example/analogy (you cannot use the same picture more than twice)
41	Plasma membrane	The barrier of cells that is made of a phospholipid bilayer.
42	Fluid mosaic model	The idea that cell membranes can have different molecules embedded in them such as protein channels and cholesterol.
43	Phospholipids	biological macromolecules with hydrophilic heads and two hydrophobic tails.
44	Selective permeability	The idea that only certain molecules are able to pass through a cell membrane due to certain properties
45	Concentration gradient	The difference in concentration of a particular solute in solution
46	Passive transport	Molecules passing through a cell membrane with the concentration gradient (high to low)
47	Diffusion	Molecules passing through a membrane without a channel
48	Facilitated diffusion	Molecules passing through a membrane with a protein channel assisting
49	Active Transport	Molecules passing through a cell membrane against the concentration gradient; requires energy
50	Endo/exocytosis	The process of larger molecules entering or exiting a cell by some membrane forming a vesicle around the molecule
51	Osmosis	Water passing through a cell membrane (or other barrier)
52	Hypertonic	Relative term describing more solute in solution
53	Hypotonic	Relative term describing less solute in solution
54	Isotonic	Relative term describing equal solute in solution
55	Water potential	Value that describes the tendency of water two move between two solutions, water will move from higher water potential to lower water potential.
56	Solute potential / pressure potential	Two terms that sum to form water potential, higher solute = lower solute potential, more pressure = higher pressure potential
57	Surface area to volume ratio	The surface are of a cell divided by it's volume
58	Organelle	A part of a cell that can act mostly independently and performs a specific task.
59	Ribosomes	Parts of a cell that help to form the primary structure of new proteins.
60	Cytosol	The solution inside a cell that all organelles and parts reside in
61	Prokaryote	A more primitive type of cell with no nucleus, cell wall and no membrane-bound organelles
62	Eukaryote	A more complex type of cell that makes up plants and animals that includes a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles
63	Membrane-bound organelle	A complex part of a cell that includes a membrane separating it from the rest of the cell
64	Nucleus	A organelle in a cell that contains the DNA and genetic material for a cell
65	Endoplasmic Reticulum (rough & smooth)	Organelles that help to form both proteins and lipids respectively
66	Golgi	Organelle that helps to finish and package proteins for transport within or outside of the cell
67	Lysosomes	Organelles containing highly basic solution that helps to clean up the cell and assists in apoptosis.
68	Vacuole	Containers in cells that contain water or other materials for the cell
69	Mitochondria	The powerhouse of the cell!
70	Chloroplasts	Organelles in plants that can take in sunlight and convert it to energy
71	Cytoskeleton	Part of a cell that helps to resist mechanical deformations
72	Cell wall	More rigid barrier in both plant cells and prokaryotes.